Keypoints The heterogeneous and progressive nature of type 2 diabetes presents an ongoing requirement for additional and novel blood glucose-lowering agents. Longer-acting (once daily and once weekly injected) analogs of…
Keypoints In the Wisconsin study [1], proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) occurred in 67% of persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) for 35 or more years. One would therefore expect…
Keypoints Glycemic control is a fundamental part of the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Adequate glycemic control is necessary to address acute symptoms and to prevent, defer or reduce…
Keypoints Polyuric diseases have been described for over 3500 years. The name “diabetes” comes from the Greek word for a syphon; the sweet taste of diabetic urine was recognized at…
Keypoints Various skin conditions are associated with diabetes, either type 1 or type 2, the specific chronic complications of the disease, the use of antidiabetic drugs and certain endocrine and…
Keypoints Approximately one in three people with diabetes is affected by distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DPN), which represents a major health problem as it may present with excruciating neuropathic pain and…
Keypoints Regular exercise increases insulin sensitivity in both individuals with and without diabetes. In individuals without diabetes, plasma insulin levels decrease during low to moderate intensity exercise to compensate for…
Keypoints Peripheral arterial disease is very common, affecting up to 30% of all people with diabetes. Amputations are much more common in patients with diabetes and occur 5–8 times more…
Keypoints Hypertension is up to twice as common in people with diabetes as in the general population, affecting 10–30% of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 60–80% of…
Keypoints The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Approximately 285 million people worldwide have diabetes in 2010, making it one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally. The…
