Hodgkin Disease and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Hodgkin Disease About 7400 new cases of Hodgkin disease are diagnosed in the United States each year, with a slightly higher incidence in men. A bimodal age distribution is observed…
Skin Cancer
Cancer of the skin is the most common human malignancy, and its incidence is rising worldwide. There are approximately 900,000 to 1,200,000 new cases of skin cancer annually in the…
Acute and Chronic Leukemias
Acute Leukemias Acute leukemias are neoplastic disorders marked by uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic cells, with a predominance of immature lymphoid or myeloid cells, in the bone marrow and peripheral blood….
Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) estimated 51,410 new cases of malignant and nonmalignant brain tumors in 2007. Among children the incidence is 4.5 cases per…
Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Multiple myeloma and related disorders compose a spectrum of diseases that are characterized by the autonomous proliferation of differentiated lymphoid cells and plasma cells whose physiologic function is to secrete…
Open Adrenalectomy for Cancer *
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ The adrenal gland is composed of a cortex and medulla that have different embryologic origins. ▴ The adrenal cortex arises from the coelomic mesoderm between…
Sarcomas of Soft Tissue and Bone and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Sarcomas Sarcomas are a complex and heterogeneous family of malignancies of mesenchymal origin. As opposed to carcinomas, which represent malignancies of epithelial tissues, sarcomas are neoplastic disorders that differentiate into…
Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Neuroendocrine Tumors
Esophageal Cancers The prevalence of esophageal cancer varies over 20-fold throughout the world. Esophageal cancer is most common in central Asia and remains relatively rare in the United States. Approximately…
Bilateral Neck Exploration for Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy Surgical Landmarks ♦ When planning the skin incision, the most important landmarks are the laryngeal prominence of the thyroid cartilage (which will help define the midline)…
Minimally Invasive Video-assisted Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy Thyroid ♦ The thyroid consists of two lobes joined by an isthmus. The normal weight of the adult gland is approximately 20 grams. Each lobe has…
