Bladder Cancer
Fig. 28.1 Gross photographs of cystectomy specimens. a Cystectomy specimen prior to opening of the bladder. The shiny surface represents serosa while the more ragged surfaces represent surgical margins. b A…
Introduction to Histology
Cytopathology Histopathology Fine needle aspiration (e.g. thyroid cyst) Biopsies (e.g. biopsy of a breast mass) Smears (e.g. cervical) Surgical specimens (e.g. prostatectomy) Bodily fluids (e.g. urine) Autopsy specimens (e.g. kidney)…
Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Brain Cancer
Fig. 16.1 Histological features of normal cell types within the brain. a Arachnoidal collection of meningeal cells and psammomatous calcification similar to those seen in meningiomas, b oligodendrocytes within white matter…
Epidemiology of Hematologic Malignancies
Fig. 29.1 Age-Specific Incidence of Hodgkin Lymphoma in the United States (SEER areas) by Sex and Race, 2007–2012. Source Howlader et al. [60] Rates for black males and black females aged 75…
Epidemiology of Renal Cell Carcinoma
RCC growth Clinical manifestations Local tumor growth Hematuria, flank pain, abdominal mass, perirenal hematoma Metastases Persistent cough, bone pain, cervical lymphadenopathy, constitutional symptoms (weight loss/fever/malaise) Obstruction of the inferior vena…
The Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Fig. 24.1 Fetal liver (3° trimester). a Periportal space (arrowhead) and hepatic vein (arrow). b Intrahepatic hemopoiesis and mature biliary ducts (arrow) haematoxylin–eosin stain From 5th to 9th gestational week a…
Epidemiology of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers
Fig. 13.1 Ovarian cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2012 (data from surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program) 13.2.1.2 Geographic Variation Ovarian cancer incidence is higher in developed than…
Introduction to Pathology
Fig. 3.1 Formation of tissues and germ layer derivatives 3.3.1 Ectoderm Ectoderm produces the epidermis of the skin and its appendages (i.e., hair follicles and sebaceous glands), the cornea and lens…
Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Renal Cancer
Fig. 18.1 Renal anatomy and histology. a Anatomically, the kidney is separated into an outer cortex and inner medulla. The glomeruli and convoluted tubules are located in the cortex. b The…
Brain Tumors—Epidemiology
Tumor Number Female (%) White (%) Black (%) Hispanic (%) Asian (%) Other (%) Meningioma 25,946 73 69 12 11 7 0 Pituitary 11,921 55 57 17 18 7 0…
