Physics and Biology of Brachytherapy Jeffrey F. Williamson, X. Allen Li, and David J. Brenner Brachytherapy (BT) (brachy is Greek for “short distance”) consists of placing sealed radioactive sources very…

Nasopharynx Benjamin H. Lok, Jeremy Setton, Felix Ho, Nadeem Riaz, Shyam S. Rao, and Nancy Y. Lee ANATOMY The nasopharynx is a cuboidal chamber that is slightly broader in the…

The Physics and Dosimetry of High–Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Bruce Thomadsen and Rupak K. Das NATURE OF HIGH–DOSE-RATE BRACHYTHERAPY Conventional brachytherapy was developed very soon after the discovery of radium. The limited…

Esophageal Cancer Brian G. Czito, Albert S. DeNittis, Manisha Palta, and Christopher G. Willett Less than 15% of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer are cured, with approximately half of patients…

Unusual Nonepithelial Tumors of the Head and Neck Carlos A. Perez and Wade L. Thorstad GLOMUS TUMORS Anatomy Glomus bodies are found in the jugular bulb and along the tympanic…

Neck Cancer Including Unknown Primary Tumor William M. Mendenhall, Anthony A. Mancuso, Robert J. Amdur, and John W. Werning ANATOMY The locations of the various lymph node groups in the…

Electron-Beam Therapy Dosimetry, Treatment Planning, and Techniques Eric E. Klein and Rojano Kashani Megavoltage-photon–based radiation therapy treatment of shallow tumor volumes is complicated by the buildup and radiation transport properties…

Late Effects and QUANTEC John P. Kirkpatrick, Michael T. Milano, Louis S. Constine, Zeljko Vujaskovic, and Lawrence B. Marks The modern era of cancer therapy is predicated on the safe…

Stomach Cancer Brian G. Czito, Manisha Palta, and Christopher G. Willett ANATOMY The stomach begins at the gastroesophageal (GE) junction and ends at the pylorus. The stomach is generally divided…

Oral Cavity Rafael R. Mañon, Jeffrey N. Myers, Heath D. Skinner, and Paul M. Harari The oral cavity consists of the lips, oral tongue, floor of the mouth, retromolar trigone,…