Key points 1. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is practiced by more than 90% of gynecologic oncologists. 2. Knowledge of anatomy, the disease process, and surgical technique is key during these…
Key points 1. Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecologic cancers. Elderly women are more likely to develop ovarian cancer than are young women. 2. Oral contraceptives decrease…
Key points 1. Malignant cells develop from molecular abnormalities in growth control. 2. The molecular abnormalities are in one or more of 10 key pathways. 3. These altered pathways provide…
Key points 1. Epidemiology is the study of distribution of disease and factors that determine disease occurrence in populations. 2. As much as possible, medical decisions should be based on…
Key points 1. Palliative care is interdisciplinary care that seeks to prevent, relieve, or reduce the symptoms of a disease without affecting a cure. 2. Certain treatments may not result…
Key points 1. The development of new and effective therapies should be rooted in a clear understanding of tumor biology. 2. Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to human vascular endothelial…
Key points 1. In malignant tumors, unregulated growth appears to result from a combination of loss of normal cell cycle controls and a failure of normal apoptotic mechanisms. Despite uncontrolled…
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) comprises a spectrum of neoplastic conditions derived from the placenta. Hydatidiform moles, gestational choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT), and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT) are histologic…
In 1893, William Bradley Coley reported the case of a German immigrant with a neck sarcoma that was deemed inoperable and yet disappeared after an erysipelas infection ). Coley hypothesized…
Key points 1. Conservative management of early-stage cervical cancer in young women should be considered if childbearing is important to that patient. 2. In many developing countries, cervical cancer is…
