Mycologic Endocrinology
Fig. 16.1 Comparison of proteins from the cytosol fractions of E2-treated P. brasiliensis undergoing M to Y transition with M and Y controls. Proteins were resolved through 9 % SDS-PAGE…
ENDOCRINOLOGY
The Epinephrine/Norepinephrine /Autoinducer-3 Interkingdom Signaling System in Escherichia coli O157:H7
Fig. 12.1 (a) The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity Island found in EHEC, which encodes factors responsible for type III secretion and pedestal formation. LEE1 encodes for ler, the…
Psychological Stress, Immunity, and the Effects on Indigenous Microflora
Fig. 11.1 Aerobically grown lactobacilli were enumerated from coprocultures before and for 1 week following maternal separation. Results are mean (S.E.) number of colony forming units (CFU) per gram of…
Interkingdom Chemical Signaling in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7
Fig. 9.1 Structures involved in adrenergic signaling. (a) Host hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. (b) The structure of AI-3 has not been solved, but may resemble epinephrine and norepinephrine. (c) The…
Microbial Endocrinology: An Ongoing Personal Journey
Fig. 1.1 Social conflict in mice is conducted by the simple placement of a group-housed mouse also known as an “intruder” (in picture, black) into the cage of a singly-housed…
Microbiome to Brain: Unravelling the Multidirectional Axes of Communication
Fig. 15.1 The microbiome industrial age. Host genetics, life style and available nutrients (diet) are the main determinants of the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiome. This lays the…
Effects of Stress on Commensal Microbes and Immune System Activity
Fig. 14.1 From: Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Attenuates the Stressor-Enhanced Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection. Probiotic intervention reduces stressor-enhanced anxiety-like behavior and significantly reduces circulating IL-6 at the peak of infection….
Mechanisms of Stress-Mediated Modulation of Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Designation of nerves Bronchial smooth muscle Mucociliary system Bronchial vessels Parasympathetic nerves1 Constriction Secretion Dilation Sympathetic nerves2 a Inhibitory nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves3 Dilation Excitatory nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves4 Constriction Secretion…
Modulation of the Interaction of Enteric Bacteria with Intestinal Mucosa by Stress-Related Catecholamines
Fig. 6.1 Noradrenergic innervation in an oblique longitudinal section of porcine distal colon. (a) Colonic mucosa was triple-labelled for dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH; red), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; green), and the tight-junction…
Molecular Profiling: Catecholamine Modulation of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Fig. 7.1 Nutritional Immunity: a competition between mammalian iron sequestration and bacterial iron acquisition that influences bacterial growth proficiency in the mammalian host. Transferrin and other host iron binding proteins…
