eliminate bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, define the term adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), define the term minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), revive the term “lepidic,” promote comprehensive histologic subtyping, emphasize and introduce the term…
Fig. 32.1 Intraepidermal melanocytic proliferations. a Atypical lentiginous melanocytic hyperplasia in lentigo maligna, b nested intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation in a compound dysplastic nevus with slight cytological atypia, c nested and pagetoid…
Fig. 30.1 Normal bone marrow. Normal elements of the bone marrow include megakaryocytes, erythroid cells and myeloid cells. Megakaryocytes are large cells with multilobated nuclei. Erythroid cells show dark round nuclei…
Fig. 26.1 Normal pancreas 26.2.5 Pancreatic Cancer and Precursor Lesions Despite representing only a small portion of the epithelial component, the vast majority (greater than 90 %) of pancreatic neoplasms have a…
Fig. 12.1 Normal breast (a), and lactational changes (b) Table 12.1 Markers of luminal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells in the terminal ductular-lobular unit (TDLU) Luminal cells Myoepithelial cells CK18 CK14 CK19…
Fig. 10.1 Embryological development of the prostate The differentiation and growth of the prostate gland is androgen dependent [4]. The primary androgen involved is testosterone, the majority of which is produced…
Fig. 31.1 Clinical flowchart for melanoma management. This diagram is simplified from the 2014 National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines [24] Light-based visual technologies were developed in the 1990s to…
Fig. 4.1 Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) picture of a tumor showing neoplastic, inflammatory, and stromal cells. H&E stained section of a tumor showing neoplastic cells (arrow head), inflammatory cells (double arrow…
Fig. 28.1 Gross photographs of cystectomy specimens. a Cystectomy specimen prior to opening of the bladder. The shiny surface represents serosa while the more ragged surfaces represent surgical margins. b A…
Cytopathology Histopathology Fine needle aspiration (e.g. thyroid cyst) Biopsies (e.g. biopsy of a breast mass) Smears (e.g. cervical) Surgical specimens (e.g. prostatectomy) Bodily fluids (e.g. urine) Autopsy specimens (e.g. kidney)…
