Novel Strategy of Cancer Immunotherapy: Spiraling Up
Fig. 2.1 Schematic interaction of the effectors of innate and adaptive immunity. Abbreviations: TC tumor cell, DC dendritic cell, Th1 and Th2 T helper cells of types 1 and 2,…
ONCOLOGY
Overcoming Cancer Tolerance with Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Fig. 6.1 Multiple immunomodulatory coinhibitory and costimulatory receptor-ligand pairs have been identified (although not all are depicted here). These pathways set the immunologic context when an antigen is presented on…
Strategies to Target Tumor Immunosuppression
Type of therapy Targeted pathway Achieved effect Local tumor irradiation Antigen presentation and processing Enhanced intratumor homing of effector CTLs Release of TAAs Production of inflammatory cytokines Endothelin receptor blockade…
Immunohistochemistry of Cancers
Fig. 26.1 Schematic mechanism of two immunohistochemistry methods. Top: secondary antibodies and enzymes link to polymer molecule. Bottom: biotinylated secondary antibody and labeled streptavidine Immunohistochemistry has wide application including research…
Immunogenetics of Cancer
Fig. 17.1 Heritability of cancers in different sites based on the information available from twin studies 17.3 Immune Polymorphism The role of immune system in defense against malignancies was proposed…
Principles of Immunological Diagnostic Tests for Cancers
Fig. 24.1 Intact immunoglobulin and common antibody fragments. (a) Schematic representation of an intact immunoglobulin molecule. Each heavy chain (blue) consists of three constant domains (CH1-3) and the variable domain…
Envisioning the Application of Systems Biology in Cancer Immunology
Fig. 23.1 Sketch of an advanced systems biology workflow Step 1. In clinical cohorts of, for example, cancer patients vs. healthy individuals, high-throughput data of tissue and/or plasma concentrations for…
Role of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Cancer
Fig. 8.1 Fine modulation of cellular recruitment by chemokines. The chemokine network is organized around several levels of complexity. (a) Most of the cell types (1, 2, 3) express several…
Cancer Immunoediting: Immunosurveillance, Immune Equilibrium, and Immune Escape
Fig. 12.1 Cancer immunoediting process with its three Es of elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Please note that although in many cases the sequence is followed, in others one or the…
B Cells in Cancer Immunology: For or Against Cancer Growth?
Fig. 4.1 Anti-CD40 mAb augmented antitumor responses of anti-CD3-activated TDLN cells via ligation to CD40 on both B cells and DCs. (a) Activated total unfractionated (Unfrac) TDLN cells were co-cultured…
