Radiotherapy of the Breast
Trial [ref.] Survival* Local recurrence Mastectomy BCT Mastectomy BCT Median f/u Milan I [1] 58.8 % 58.3 % 2.3 % 8.8 % 20 year NSABP BO6 [2] 47 % 46…
ONCOLOGY
Lobar Ultrasonic Breast Anatomy
Fig. 4.1 Young woman thick lobe with lobular and ductal hyperplasia and poor fatty tissue Fig. 4.2 Ultrasonic scan of an adult breast: ductal ectasia in the main ducts Fig….
Interstitial Laser Therapy (ILT) of Breast Tumors
Fig. 10.1 Post-lumpectomy section of a laser treated breast cancer showing concentric zones of coagulated tumor, hyperemic ring, and zone of fat necrosis around the laser fiber Fig. 10.2 Gross…
Breast MR for Treatment Planning
Source Number of patients Additional cancer yield of MR (%) MR sensitivity (%) MR specificity (%) Mammographic sensitivity (%) Kriege 1,909 2.4 71.1 89.8 33 Warner 236 9.3 85 93…
Cryoablation for Breast Cancer
Fig. 11.1 Cryoablation console and probe Importantly, since ablation will result in tissue destruction, it is essential that a core biopsy be performed prior to treatment. Sufficient tissue should be…
High Risk Lesions
Lesion Relative risk Usual ductal hyperplasia 2.0 Subareolar papilloma 2.0 Radial scar 1.8 Multiple papillomas 3.1 Papilloma with atypia 5.1 Radial scar with atypia 5.8 Papillomatosis with atypia 7.0 LCIS…
Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsy Tissue Sampling: Technique and Breast Ultrasound Characteristics of Benign and Malignant Lesions
Alcohol swabs 3 cm3 syringe, 10 cm3 syringe 22-gauge spinal needle (for deep lesions) 22 or 23 gauge 2½-inch needle Glass microscope slides 1 % Xylocaine buffered with bicarbonate spot…
HiFrequency Ultrasound
Fig. 13.1 Depiction of path of ultrasound waves from transducer to focal point with heating of target breast tissue in sonication zone Fig. 13.2 Depiction of “cigar” shaped sonication zones…
Risk Assessment
where p = probability. While the concept is intuitive, it is easy to forget that the denominator can be just as important as the numerator in determining the final relative risk (RR)….
Systemic Therapy
98. Stewart HJ, Forrest AP, Everington D, et al. Randomised comparison of 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen with continuous therapy for operable breast cancer. The Scottish Cancer Trials Breast Group….
