ONCOLOGY

Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia

Mar 11, 2021 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia

Introduction ■ Anemia is caused by the deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, resulting in a reduction in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood and is commonly associated with cancer-directed…

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Neutropenic Complications of Chemotherapy

Mar 11, 2021 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Neutropenic Complications of Chemotherapy

Introduction ■ Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are a subset of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules and collectively referred to as granulocytes. Granulocytopenia is a decrease in…

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Clostridioides difficileinfection

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Clostridioides difficileinfection

Clostridioides difficile , formerly knowns as Clostridium difficile, is a Gram-positive, anaerobic bacillus, with a spore phase that prolongs survival in the environment. Ingestion of spores that are resistant to…

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Gastrointestinal viruses

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Gastrointestinal viruses

Diarrheal disease is the second most common cause of death in children younger than 5 years worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In the United States, viruses are…

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Pneumocystispneumonia

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Pneumocystispneumonia

Epidemiology and risk factors Pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly Pneumocystis carinii ) is an infrequent though potentially deadly cause of fungal pneumonia ( P. jirovecii pneumonia [PJP]) in immunocompromised patients. P. jirovecii…

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Nocardiaand actinomyces

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Nocardiaand actinomyces

Nocardia Epidemiology and risk factors Nocardia species are a heterogeneous group of ubiquitous aerobic, gram-positive filamentous organisms that reside in soil and decaying organic matter and are associated with an…

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Toxoplasma gondii

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Toxoplasma gondii

Epidemiology and risk factors Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa. It infects humans and almost all warm-blooded animals, including mammals and birds. Transmission of T. gondii…

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Histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis

Oct 27, 2020 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis

Histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis are the most common endemic mycoses in North America. Their geographic distribution encompasses close to two-thirds of the United States and parts of Canada, Mexico, Central…

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