EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS SUSAN E. HOOVER, JEFFREY P. ROSS, AND JEFFREY I. COHEN ETIOLOGY Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpesvirus family (1) and, like other herpesviruses, contains a…

PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS PHILIPP AGYEMAN, DENIS GRANDGIRARD, AND STEPHEN L. LEIB The brain not only is a normally sterile site but also is protected from infection by…

MENINGITIS AND ENCEPHALITIS CAUSED BY MUMPS VIRUS JOHN W. GNANN, JR. Mumps is an acute systemic human infection caused by a paramyxovirus. Mumps virus is highly transmissible and, in unimmunized…

HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 MARY T. CASERTA HISTORY Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) was first isolated from six adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphoproliferative disorders by Salahuddin et al. (1) in 1986….

BARTONELLA INFECTIONS, INCLUDING CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE MICHAEL GILADI, MOSHE EPHROS, AND DAVID F. WELCH The bacterial genus Bartonella is named for Dr. A. L. Barton, who described the erythrocyte-adherent Bartonella bacilliformis…

POLIOMYELITIS, POLIO VACCINES, AND THE POSTPOLIOMYELITIS SYNDROME JOHN F. MODLIN AND DAVID J. COFFEY Poliomyelitis is a systemic viral infection caused by any of three human poliovirus serotypes that is…

MEASLES AND RUBELLA DIANE E. GRIFFIN Measles and rubella are rash diseases of childhood that can be complicated by neurologic disease. Measles virus (MeV)–induced neurologic disease is associated with community-acquired…

B VIRUS RICHARD J. WHITLEY HISTORY Of the nearly 35 herpesviruses that have been isolated from nonhuman primates, only one—B virus of Old World monkeys—is highly pathogenic for humans. In…