Diabetes in Old Age
Keypoints Diabetes affects 10–25% of elderly people (>65 years) worldwide, with particularly high rates in populations such as Pima Indians, Mexican-Americans and South Asians. Glucose tolerance worsens with age, the…
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Future Drug Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes
Keypoints Insulin replacement therapy is considered the only effective and feasible treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as only insulin is capable of reversing the metabolic disturbances and restoring…
Abnormalities of Insulin Secretion and β-Cell Defects in Type 2 Diabetes
Keypoints Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disorder caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors which adversely affect β-cell function and tissue insulin sensitivity. About 10%…
Insulin and Insulin Treatment
Keypoints Insulin is a potent anabolic hormone essential for life. Insulin has a circulating concentration of 15–20 mU/L in the fasting state, and 60–80 mU/L post-prandially. Early insulins were extracted…
Psychiatric Disorders and Diabetes
Keypoints The interactions between diabetes and psychiatric disorders are complex: physical illness raises the risk of psychiatric disorder, but mental illness and its treatment also impact on the risks and…
Diabetes and Infections
Keypoints Diabetes is associated with an increased overall risk of infections. The presence of diabetes also modifies the course of many infections and increases morbidity and mortality. Multiple disturbances in…
Cell Therapy in Diabetes
Related posts: The Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes Other Future Directions Psychologic Factors and Diabetes The Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes: From Candidate Gene Biology to Genome-Wide Studies The Role…
Islet Function and Insulin Secretion
Keypoints Regulation of fuel homeostasis in mammals is dependent on numerous small endocrine organs known as islets of Langerhans, which are located in the pancreas. Islets contain β-cells which are…
The Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes: From Candidate Gene Biology to Genome-Wide Studies
Keypoints Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a multifactorial heterogeneous disease with a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors influencing intermediate traits such as β-cell mass and development, insulin secretion…
Transplantation
Keypoints Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes with severe hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia unawareness and/or glycemic lability. Successful islet transplantation can lead to insulin independence, but…
