Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 87 Introduction 88 Are RCTs of Screening the “Gold Standard”? 89 Advantages and Problems With Observational Studies 91 What Do Observational Studies Tell Us Now?…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 219 Introduction 220 Screening Benefits 222 Breast Cancer Mortality 222 All-Cause Mortality 225 Incidence of Advanced Breast Cancer 225 Screening Harms 228 False-Positive and False-Negative…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 190 Introduction 190 Late-Life Breast Cancer Risk 194 Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Mammography Screening Among Older Women 195 Potential Benefits of Mammography Screening…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 242 Introduction 242 Background 243 Breast Cancer 243 Screening for Breast Cancer 243 Digital Mammography 244 Mammographic Breast Density 244 BD and Digital Mammography 245…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 166 Introduction 166 Improving Screening by Basing Its Application on Risk 167 Risk Factor-Adapted Mammographic Screening 168 How Many Risk Factors? 168 Familial Risk 168…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 134 Introduction 135 Defining Breast Cancer Overdiagnosis 135 A Patient Perspective 135 A Statistical Perspective 136 A Social Perspective 137 How Do We Know Breast…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 104 Introduction 104 A Brief History of Microsimulation Modeling 105 What Is Microsimulation Modeling? 105 Description of Some Available Models 106 How Modeling Is Done:…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 2 History 2 History of the Breast 2 History of Medical Screening 4 History of Screening With Breast Self-Exam and Clinical Breast Exam 5 History…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 30 Introduction 30 Breast Cancer Screening Trials 31 Design and Methods 32 Limitations 36 Individual Trials 36 Breast Cancer Mortality Outcomes 40 Relative Risk Reduction…
Chapter Outline Plain Language Summary 52 Introduction 52 Benefits 53 Breast Cancer Mortality Reduction 53 Other Benefits 54 Harms 54 Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment 54 False-Positives 55 Other Harms 56 Reviewing…
