Fig. 1 Schematic drawing of radiocatalysis by nanoparticles. Exposure of nanoparticles to ionizing radiation (e.g. X-rays) causes Compton and Photoelectric effects—photoelectrons and Auger electrons (e−) are ejected from the nanoparticles as…
Fig. 1 Illustration of the EPR effect depicting the discontinuous epithelium lining blood vessel walls of a tumor with concurrent poor lymphatic drainage compared to normal tissue. Nanoparticles can passively accumulate…
Modality Signal Contrast agent Sensitivity [1] (mol label) Resolution [1] Tissue penetration Risk Primarily morphological/anatomical imaging modalities MRI Magnetic fields Gadolinium, iron oxide nanoparticles 10−9–10−6 50 µm Unlimited Harmless CT X-rays…
Fig. 1 Schematic of some of the mechanisms of endocytosis that have so far been elucidated. The focus in this chapter will be on clathrin-mediated, caveolar-type, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis mechanisms. Adapted…
Structural feature Examples Composition of particle core Cholesteryl esters [54] Inorganic scaffolds (Au) [89] Shape Discoidal [80] Spherical [89] Protein associated with particle Full-length apoA-I [97] ApoA-I-mimetic peptide [99] ApoE…
Fig. 15.1 VEGF receptors: The isoforms are VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and PlGF. VEGF A binds to both VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. VEGF-B and PIGF (placenta-derived growth factor) bind to VEGFR-1….
Topoisomerase IIα Topoisomerase IIβ Unlinks tangled daughter chromosomes after replication and resolves DNA knots during recombination. Essential for survival of proliferating cells and its levels rise during cell growth. Essential…
Technique Resolution Sensitivity Purification Loading capacity Protein/peptide identification Limitations SELDI-TOF Low Low Not required Low No No peptide identification nLC-MS/MS Medium Low Required Low Yes Limited loading capacity 2DE-MS Low…
Cervical cancer stem cell marker Function of marker Sample % of marker positivity Characteristics of CSC isolated References CK17 p63 CK17 – differentiation marker p63 – TF activated at embryonic…
Fig. 1.1 Giemsa-stained normal metaphase spreads from bone marrow preparations of (a) mouse, showing all acrocentric chromosomes (2n = 40), and (b) rat, showing acrocentric, submetacentric, and metacentric chromosomes (2n = 42) Mammalian species…
