Fig. 1 ER-localized interactions and activities of vIL-6 in latently infected PEL cells. In the context of PEL latency, vIL-6 is expressed at low but functional levels and is largely sequestered…
Virus Cancer sites with sufficient evidence Cancer sites with limited evidence Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, immune suppression-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma, extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (nasal type), Hodgkin’s lymphoma…
Fig. 1 The structure of hepatitis C virus genome. The HCV genome RNA encodes a polyprotein of 3,010 a.a., which is processed into structural and non-structural proteins by the cellular or…
Risk factors High risk/low risk References Viral factors 1. HBsAg Positive/negative = 66/1 Beasley et al. (1981) 2. HBeAg in HBsAg-positive persons Positive/negative = 60/10 Yang et al. (2002) 3. HBV DNA level…
Type Advantage Disadvantage Developmental stage References Live vector-based Highly immunogenic customizable Vector-specific neutralizing antibodies or pre-existing vector-specific immunity, safety concerns, flu-like adverse effects ADXS11-001 in phase II Trial Maciag et…
Virus a Cancer type b Antiviral therapy c HBV HCC Interferons (Interferon-α and pegylated interferon-α2a) Nucleos(t)ide analogues (Lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, telbivudine, and tenofovir) HCV HCC Peglyated interferon plus ribavirin …
Incidence (%) Type of organ Children Adults or all Liver 4–15 1.6–5 Kidney 1–10 0.5–1 Heart–lung 6–20 1.9–10 Intestine 12 – Bone marrow or stem cells – 0.5–8 Gulley…
Year The number of blood transfusion donor The number of HTLV-1 carrier % 1999 98,644 2,751 2.79 2000 91,456 1,368 1.50 2001 92,281 1,048 1.14 2002 89,458 827 0.92 2003…
Fig. 1 Differentiation-dependent HPV Life Cycle. The HPV life cycle is intimately associated with the differentiation program of epithelial cells. HPV infects actively dividing cells in basal layer of the epithelium…
Fig. 1 Natural history of HCV infection. Adapted from Alter et al. (1995) HCV belongs to the genus Hepacivirus in the Flaviviridae family (Forns and Bukh 1999). It has a single-stranded…
