Chapter 21 – Neonatal Leukemia
Abstract Leukemia in the neonatal period is very rare and can present as early as the day of birth [1, 2]. Acute leukemia arises from clonal changes in hematopoietic precursor…
Chapter 20 – Transfusion Practices
Abstract Neonatal transfusion therapy requires an understanding of the dynamic interactions of the fetomaternal unit, the physiologic changes that accompany the transition from fetus to neonate to infant, and the…
Chapter 19 – Neonatal Thrombosis
Abstract Thromboembolism (TE) in pediatrics is relatively rare compared with adults, with an estimated venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence of 0.07–0.14/10,000 children [1, 2]. A bimodal age distribution has been well…
Chapter 18 – Bleeding Disorders
Abstract Bleeding symptoms presenting in the neonatal period usually present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for treating physicians. Bleeding disorders may be due to either congenital or acquired coagulation disorders,…
Chapter 17 – Functional Phagocyte Disorders in the Neonate
Abstract In addition to quantitative neutrophil abnormalities, innate immunity, and thus risk of infection in a neonate, may be negatively impacted by qualitative phagocyte defects. The term phagocyte stems from…
Chapter 16 – Eosinophils and Neutrophils
Abstract Eosinophilia in neonates is identified when the blood concentration of eosinophils exceeds the upper reference range limit. To avoid the potential pitfall of laboratory or technician error, perhaps the…
Chapter 15 – Congenital Thrombocytopenias and Thrombocytopathies
Abstract Thrombocytopenia occurs in less than 1% of all newborns. However, thrombocytopenia is a common finding in the intensive-care nursery where it is present in 25–35% of admitted infants [1,…
Chapter 14 – Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenias
Abstract Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (AIT) is the most common cause of severe thrombocytopenia in fetuses and neonates [1]. Maternal IgG alloantibodies against paternally derived fetal platelet antigens cross…
Chapter 13 – Acquired Thrombocytopenias
Abstract In this chapter, we will focus exclusively on acquired thrombocytopenias that present in the neonatal period. We will discuss the mechanisms underlying some of the most common varieties of…
Chapter 12 – Approach to the Thrombocytopenic Neonate
Abstract Over the last decades, as the survival of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) improved, thrombocytopenia became an increasingly important problem in the care of sick…
