Insulin-like Growth Factors
Insulin-like Growth Factors Karen C. McCowen Robert J. Smith Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) belong to a family of peptide hormones with structural and functional similarities to insulin. Initially identified on…
The Molecular Mechanism of Insulin Action and the Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
The Molecular Mechanism of Insulin Action and the Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism C. Ronald Kahn Alan R. Saltiel More than 18 million people in the United States have…
Hormone-Fuel Interrelationships: Fed State, Starvation, and Diabetes Mellitus
Hormone-Fuel Interrelationships: Fed State, Starvation, and Diabetes Mellitus Neil B. Ruderman Martin G. Myers Jr. Stuart R. Chipkin Keith Tornheim BASIC PRINCIPLES Fuel Reservoirs Humans have a constant requirement for…
Insulin Secretion in Vivo
Insulin Secretion in Vivo Melissa K. Cavaghan Kenneth S. Polonsky The classic experiments of Von Mering and Minkowski at the turn of the last century demonstrating that pancreatectomy in dogs…
Cell Biology of Insulin Secretion
Cell Biology of Insulin Secretion Jean-Claude Henquin Under physiologic conditions, the concentration of blood glucose fluctuates only in a narrow range despite alternations in periods of food intake and fasting….
Insulin Biosynthesis, Processing, and Chemistry
Insulin Biosynthesis, Processing, and Chemistry Christopher J. Rhodes Steven Shoelson Philippe A. Halban Insulin, the major hormonal regulator of glucose metabolism, was first isolated from pancreatic tissue in 1921 by…
Genetic Regulation of Islet Function
Genetic Regulation of Islet Function Michael S. German Despite their small size and apparent simplicity, pancreatic islets of Langerhans are remarkably sophisticated micro-organs. The four cell types that comprise each…
Islets of Langerhans: Morphology and Postnatal Growth
Islets of Langerhans: Morphology and Postnatal Growth Susan Bonner-Weir The islets of Langerhans are clusters of endocrine tissue scattered throughout the exocrine pancreas in all vertebrates higher in evolutionary development…
Development of the Endocrine Pancreas
Development of the Endocrine Pancreas Ondine Cleaver Douglas A. Melton The vertebrate pancreas is an essential organ, responsible for both digestion and glucose homeostasis. The pancreas is also the sole…
The History of Diabetes
The History of Diabetes Donald M. Barnett Leo P. Krall† †Deceased When Elliott Proctor Joslin first published his textbook The Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus more than 85 years ago in…
