The Adrenal Gland
Objectives 1. Discuss the anatomy of the adrenal gland, including the vascular supply and cortical zonation. 2. Diagram the synthesis and regulated release of catecholamines in the chromaffin cell. 3….
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Lactation
Objectives 1. Describe the synchronization among fertilization, early embryonic events, and the human menstrual cycle. 2. Describe the events involved in fertilization. 3. Explain how implantation and placentation occur. 4….
Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis
Objectives 1. Describe the structure and synthesis of parathyroid hormone (PTH), the regulation of PTH secretion, and the nature of the PTH receptor. 2. Describe the structure and synthesis of…
The Male Reproductive System
Objectives 1. Describe the organization of the male gonad, the testis, and the process of spermatogenesis, and discuss how this process is supported by Sertoli cells. 2. Describe the steroidogenic…
Life Cycle of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Objectives 1. Map out an overview of meiosis. 2. Describe the general anatomic components of the male and female reproductive systems. 3. Describe the development of the male and female…
Introduction to the Endocrine System
Objectives 1. List the main endocrine glands of the body. 2. List the chemical nature of the major hormones. 3. Describe how the chemical nature influences hormone synthesis, storage, secretion,…
Answers to Self-Study Problems
Chapter 1 1. Protein hormones are stored within secretory vesicles and are secreted in response to a stimulus. Steroid hormones freely diffuse out of cells. Their synthesis, as opposed to…
Endocrine Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Objectives 1. List the members of the three enteroendocrine hormone families: gastrin, secretin, and motilin. 2. Describe how autonomic innervation and gastric and duodenal hormones regulate gastric acid secretion and…
Abbreviations and Symbols
αGSU alpha glycoprotein subunit β-hCG hormone-specific β-subunit of hCG β-TSH β-Thyroid-stimulating hormone 3β-HSD 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11β-HSD2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 17β-HSD 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase AA amino acid ABP androgen-binding protein ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme…
Comprehensive Multiple-Choice Examination
1. Which receptor resides in the cytoplasm in the absence of hormone? a. Insulin receptor b. Thyroid hormone receptor c. Prolactin receptor d. Glucocorticoid receptor 2. One general mode of…
