The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer have decreased dramatically over the past 70 years in well-developed countries through successful screening programs using cytologic examination, followed by evaluation and treatment…
Hereditary cancer syndromes are responsible for 5% of endometrial cancers and 10% of ovarian cancers. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome account for most of these inherited…
Late menarche, giving birth, breastfeeding, oral contraceptive use, IUD use, and tubal ligation decrease risk for both endometrial and ovarian cancer, while more ovulatory cycles, obesity, use of talc in…
Evaluation and treatment of hematologic disorders in pregnancy requires an understanding of normal physiologic changes during pregnancy. Hematologic disorders may be caused by preexisting conditions, normal physiologic changes, or can…
The diagnosis and management of severe thrombocytopenias can be difficult, but is necessary to avoid significant morbidity and mortality. The causes of severe thrombocytopenias, often with a platelet count of…
Lymph node or spleen enlargement may be innocent or the first sign of a serious disorder. Lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly can be found in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. Lymph node enlargement…
A monoclonal spike on serum protein electrophoresis is a frequent finding in the general population and pathognomonic of a plasma cell dyscrasia. In otherwise healthy individuals, it is diagnostic of…
This article gives a general overview of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and initial management of VTE are briefly reviewed. More difficult management problems are reviewed in greater depth,…
The evaluation of a patient presenting with bleeding symptoms is challenging. Bleeding symptoms are frequently reported by a normal population, and overlap significantly with bleeding disorders, such as type 1…
Leukocytosis is one of the most common laboratory abnormalities in medicine, and one of the most frequent reasons for hematologic consultation. Effective evaluation of leukocytosis requires an attentive history, careful…
