Control of Hormone Gene Expression
FIGURE 2-1. Chemical structure of DNA and its relationship to chromatin. The most basic unit of the chromosome is DNA, which is composed of polynucleotide chains made up of four…
Hyperglycemia Secondary to Nondiabetic Conditions and Therapies
Possible mechanisms by which pancreatic cancer could contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes include the following: (1) destruction of islets, (2) impairment of the insulin secretory mechanism, (3)…
Genetic Syndromes Associated with Obesity
FIGURE 29-1. A, Clinical response to leptin therapy in congenital leptin deficiency. B, Leptin therapy is associated with pulsatile gonadotropin secretion at an appropriate developmental age in child A (age…
Lipodystrophy Syndromes
FIGURE 38-1. Congenital lipodystrophy. Although there is a lack of consensus on the definition of the lipodystrophy syndrome(s), the diagnosis of lipodystrophy is usually made clinically and is often based…
Development of the Pituitary
Pituitary Development ORIGIN Phylogenetic studies in several vertebrate species led to the conclusion that the pituitary gland arises from oral epithelia. Fate-mapping experiments conducted in these animal species trace the…
Evaluation and Management of Childhood Hypothalamic and Pituitary Tumors
PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Use of glucocorticoids to reduce peritumoral edema, cerebrospinal fluid diversion to treat hydrocephalus, anticonvulsants to prevent seizures, and hormonal replacement for patients with tumors in the hypothalamic-pituitary region…
Nuclear Receptors: Structure, Function, and Coregulators
FIGURE 6-1. Modular structure of nuclear hormone receptors. The most highly conserved domain is the DNA-binding domain, DBD, followed by the ligand-binding domain, LBD. The domains are sometimes also referred…
Metabolic Emergencies in Oncology
Metabolic Emergencies in Oncology Ephraim Paul Hochberg INTRODUCTION Metabolic emergencies represent rare events in the care of cancer patients. In contrast to the measured pace of most of oncology, these…
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Jerry L. Spivak POLYCYTHEMIA VERA INTRODUCTION Polycythemia vera (PV) is a clonal disorder of a multipotent hematopoietic stem cell in which overproduction of morphologically normal red cells, white…
