Fig. 18.1 (a) Hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. (b) Hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis The HPG axis matures during fetal life, with gonadotropin release persisting into infancy. Peaks in gonadotropin and sex steroid levels occur between…
Neoplastic Cysts Inflammatory/infiltrative Vascular Pituitary adenoma Craniopharyngioma Chordoma Metastasis Meningioma Germ cell tumor Glioma Granular cell tumor (pituicytoma) Hypothalamic neuronal hamartoma Dermoid Pituitary carcinoma Rathke’s cleft cyst Arachnoid cyst Lymphocytic…
Fig. 1.1 The cost of DNA sequencing The Role of Genetic Testing in the Clinic The busy practitioner is challenged on a daily basis to recognize clinical scenarios that may…
Fig. 7.1 Peptide structure of Somatostatin GH secretion is also regulated by ghrelin, a growth hormone secretagogue-receptor ligand [11] that is mainly synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the stomach,…
Fig. 42.1 Illustration of main types of bariatric surgery currently being performed. By permission of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. All rights reserved Roux-En-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is…
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) < 200 Desirable 200-239 Boderline high ≥240 High HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) <40 Low >60 High LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) <100 Optimal 100–129 Near optimal 130–159 Boderline high 160–189…
Weight (kg) Units of insulin:g of CHO 25 1:30 45–49 1:16 49.5–58 1:15 58.5–62.5 1:14 63–67 1:13 67.5–76 1:12 76.5–80.5 1:11 81–85 1:10 85.5–89.5 1:9 90–98.5 1:8 99–107.5 1:7 ≥108…
Fig. 38.1 Female, Asian, 68 years old, type 2 diabetes for at least 15 years, visual acuity: 20/400 OD and 20/200 OS. The dilated eye exam revealed clinically significant diabetic…
Sensorimotor neuropathy Distal symmetric polyneuropathy Focal neuropathy Diabetic mononeuropathy (cranial, truncal, peripheral nerves) Mononeuropathy multiplex Diabetic amyotrophy Autonomic neuropathy Hypoglycemic unawareness Abnormal pupillary function Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy Vasomotor neuropathy Sudomotor…
Fig. 9.1 Diagnostic workup in Cushing’s syndrome. ACTH adrenocorticotropin, BIPSS bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling, CRH corticotropin releasing hormone, CD cushing’s disease, CT computed tomography, ECS ectopic Cushing’s syndrome, LDDST…
