Androgen hypersecretion in a premenopausal woman may be due to an ovarian tumor, an adrenal tumor, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The expansiveness of the diagnostic evaluation…
Postmenopausal androgen hypersecretion may be due to an ovarian tumor, an adrenal tumor, or ovarian hyperthecosis. It is important to assess the patient with a full androgen profile and imaging…
Endocrinologists have a “love-hate relationship” with the measurement of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). Measurement of serum DHEA-S concentration is very useful when it is either very low or very high in…
It is not an uncommon scenario for a patient to be referred to an endocrinologist for an adrenal mass that proves to not be an adrenal mass. Surgically resected nonadrenal…
The most common type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which occurs in 1 in 10,000 live births. The goals of therapy in CAH include (1) replacement therapy…
Adrenal tumors in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are common, affecting 25%–30% of patients, and are associated with suboptimal control of CAH. Here we present a case of a…
Bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH) is typically a computed tomography (CT)-based diagnosis. Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) may present with normal-appearing adrenal glands, solitary adrenal adenomas, or…
Adrenal myelolipomas are benign, hormonally inactive neoplasms composed of myeloid elements and mature adipose tissue in varying proportions. Unilateral adrenal myelolipomas are uncommon (see Case 65), and bilateral adrenal myelolipomas…
Lipid-poor adrenal masses are the landmines of adrenal disorders. Although lipid-poor adrenal masses may be benign nonfunctional cortical adenomas, it can be difficult to make the distinction from more concerning…
Bilateral adrenal metastases should be suspected in any case of the rapidly enlarging indeterminate bilateral adrenal masses, even in the absence of a known extraadrenal malignancy. Although otherwise rarely needed…
