Male Breast Cancer
Abstract Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for 1% of all breast cancers. Because of its rarity, it is treated similar to female breast cancer, although important…
ONCOLOGY
Management of Pericardial Metastases in Breast Cancer
Abstract This chapter reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, useful diagnostic studies, and available treatments for breast cancer–associated pericardial disease. Treatment of pericardial involvement in breast cancer is aimed primarily at…
Management of Central Nervous System Metastases in Breast Cancer
Abstract The cumulative incidence of brain metastasis at 5 years is approximately 5% in patients with breast cancer but is much higher in postmortem autopsy series. Overall breast cancer is…
Diagnosis and Management of Pleural Metastases and Malignant Effusion in Breast Cancer
Abstract Pleural metastases and malignant pleural effusion may occur with metastatic breast cancer. Presentation can vary widely from an incidental finding on imaging to a large effusion with severe dyspnea….
Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
Abstract Endocrine therapy is among the most powerful tools currently available for prevention and treatment of breast cancer, whether in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. Since the “modern” era of…
Immunologic Approaches to Breast Cancer Therapy
Abstract Although breast cancer tumors tend to have less tumor immune infiltration than immunogenic tumors such as melanoma and colon cancer, the prognostic importance of tumor immune infiltrates in breast…
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy
Abstract Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer is the administration of systemic therapy to patients before surgery. It was initially used to downstage inoperable tumors but over time has become…
Management of the Intact Breast Primary in the Setting of Metastatic Disease
Abstract Due to advancements in diagnostic and multimodality therapy, patients with stage IV breast cancer can achieve long-term survival. For women with asymptomatic primary tumors, the mainstay of therapy remains…
Management of Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer
Abstract Managing patients with bone metastases requires a multidisciplinary approach applying the expertise of orthopedic surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and radiologists. Small lesions can usually be successfully treated with…
Detection and Clinical Implications of Occult Systemic Micrometastatic Breast Cancer
Abstract Distant metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related death from breast cancer. Hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor to distant sites cannot be detected by standard…
