Molecular Testing in Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • Of key importance is whether a prognostic marker is also a predictive marker for therapeutic benefit. • As predictive biomarkers become integral in the use…
ONCOLOGY
Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors in Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • Most people with lung cancer are symptomatic at the time of initial presentation; however, between 5% and 15% of people may be asymptomatic. • Alarming…
Humoral and Cellular Immune Dysregulation and Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • Humoral and cellular immune dysregulation in the tumor microenvironment contributes to immune evasion, a key hallmark of lung cancer. • Immunosuppressive mechanisms observed in lung…
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • The biologic roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung cancer indicate their correlation with disease status, prognosis, and therapeutic outcome. The discovery of miRNAs has opened…
Microenvironment and Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • There is untapped potential for targeted lung cancer prevention and therapy that requires, as a first step, a more clear delineation of the biology underlying…
Epigenetic Events in Lung Cancer: Chromatin Remodeling and DNA Methylation
Summary of Key Points • Distinct cellular phenotypes are based on differential gene expression, which is achieved through heritable epigenetic modifications that maintain active and inactive chromosomal regions. • Epigenetic…
Stem Cells and Lung Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Summary of Key Points • The use of mouse models to study the initiation and evolution of lung cancers has been crucial in advancing the field through the identification of…
Mutational Events in Lung Cancer: Present and Developing Technologies
Summary of Key Points • Cancer genomes are characterized by the presence of a variety of alterations including base substitutions, copy-number alterations (amplifications or deletions), and structural rearrangements (translocations or…
Copy Number Abnormalities and Gene Fusions in Lung Cancer: Present and Developing Technologies
Summary of Key Points • Lung cancers commonly have structural chromosome aberrations and aneuploidy, with many of them associated with carcinogenesis. • Gene amplification is a common mechanism of oncogenic…
Preclinical Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Lung Cancer
Summary of Key Points • This chapter provides a review of some of the most promising recent studies of diagnostic biomarkers in lung cancer. • We discuss the challenges and…
