Guide to Clinical Studies Eitan Amir and Ian F. Tannock 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Treatment 22.2.1 Purpose of Clinical Trials 22.2.2 Sources of Bias in Clinical Trials 22.2.3 Importance of Randomization…

Tumor Growth, Microenvironment, and Metabolism Rob A. Cairns, Ian F. Tannock, and Bradly Wouters 12.1 Tumor Growth and Cell Kinetics 12.1.1 Growth of Human Tumors 12.1.2 Cell-Cycle Analysis 12.1.3 Cell…

Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes Previn Dutt and Vuk Stambolic 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Genetic Basis of Cancer 7.2.1 Historical Perspective 7.2.2 Transforming Retroviruses 7.2.3 The Knudson Two-Hit Hypothesis 7.2.4 Discovery…

Discovery and Evaluation of Anticancer Drugs Aaron D. Schimmer and Ian F. Tannock 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Strategies to Develop Anticancer Drugs 17.2.1 Gene Expression and Identification of Potential Targets for…

Drug Resistance Susan P.C. Cole and Ian F. Tannock 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Causes of Cellular Drug Resistance 19.2.1 Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance 19.2.2 Resistance Caused by Impaired Drug Uptake…

Cell Proliferation and Death Paul Jorgensen and Razqallah Hakem 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Molecular Control of Cell Proliferation 9.2.1 The Mammalian Cell Cycle 9.2.2 Molecular Mechanisms Central to Cell-Cycle Control 9.2.3…

Genomic Stability and DNA Repair Shane M. Harding, Robert G. Bristow, and Lea Harrington 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Genetic Instability as the Basis for Malignant Transformation 5.2.1 Intrinsic Causes of Genetic…

Cellular Signaling Pathways Michael Reedijk and C. Jane McGlade 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Growth Factor Signaling Pathways 8.2.1 Extracellular Growth Factors and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases 8.2.2 Formation of Multiprotein Complexes and…

Angiogenesis Janusz Rak 11.1 Introduction: The Tumor–Vascular Interface 11.2 Constituents of the Vascular System 11.2.1   Blood Vessel and Lymphatic Networks 11.2.2   Properties of Cells Involved in Vascular Structures 11.3 Processes Leading to…

Heterogeneity in Cancer: The “Cancer Stem Cell” Hypothesis Craig Gedye 13.1 Introduction: Can We Identify the Cancer Cells that Kill Patients? 13.2 Heterogeneity in Cancer 13.2.1 Stromal Heterogeneity in Cancer…