Metabolomics in Breast Cancer
Chemical shift Multiplicity Assignment p-value (pCR vs. SD) p-value (pCR vs. PR) p-value (PR vs. SD) 4.24 m Threonine 0.04 0.28 0.30 1.00 s Isoleucine 0.04 0.01 0.02 2.09 m…
ONCOLOGY
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer
Gene ID Symbol Function of gene 2064 ERBB2/HER2 Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Amplification and/or overexpression has been reported in numerous cancers 7153 TOP2A DNA…
Nutrigenomics in Breast Cancer
Fig. 6.1 Bioactive food components and its integration with various molecular streams in phenotype progression and development Table 6.1 Factors affecting nutrigenomic research and phenotype Approach Definition and factors Transcriptomics…
Omics Technologies Applied in Breast Cancer Research
Fig. 1.1 Relationship between gene, DNA, RNA, and protein (the central dogma of molecular biology) with omics technologies Genomics Genomics may be described as the comprehensive analysis of genes and…
Epigenomics of Breast Cancer
Gene (description) Function Sample obtained Case # Methy. status Marker Reference 14-3-3-σ/stratifin (SFN) Cell cycle regulation Cell lines, tissue 20 Hyper Therapeutic Ferguson et al. [202] 14-3-3-σ/stratifin (SFN)å Cell cycle…
Magnetic Nanostructures (MNS) for Cancer
Fig. 1 Size scale of MNS as compared to biomolecules. MNS can be adapted to include biomolecules, drugs, or targeting and imaging molecules to form targeted MNS theranostic agents Typically, MNS…
the Nanoparticle-Protein Interface for Cancer Therapeutics
Forces Strength Range (nm)* Specificity Main factors vdw forces Weak 0–10 No Interface complementarity H-bond Moderate <0 Partial Hydrogen donor/acceptor at interface Electrostatic forces Moderate 0–10 No Charge state, ionic…
as Probes for Cancer Diagnostics
Fig. 1 Structure of a spherical nucleic acid (SNA)—gold nanoparticle conjugate. (Reproduced with permission from [8]) 2.1 Synthesis of SNAs We will first describe how these constructs are synthesized. SNAs can…
the Tumor Microenvironment with Nanoparticles
Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the major cellular and noncellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The EPR effect facilitates nanoparticle (NP) accumulation. However, high interstitial fluidic pressure (IFP), pericyte coverage,…
Applications of Spherical Nucleic Acids
Fig. 1 Different mechanisms of intracellular action of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). a Mechanism of action for ASOs, which bind complementary mRNA and cause inhibition of translation…
