Human Prion Diseases
HUMAN PRION DISEASES SERGGIO C. LANATA, SVEN FORNER, AND MICHAEL D. GESCHWIND The transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of closely related fatal neurodegenerative diseases that affect humans and…
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Encephalitis
ENCEPHALITIS CAROL GLASER AND ARUN VENKATESAN Encephalitis is one of the most challenging syndromes for clinicians to manage. Patients are often critically ill, and there are many potential etiologies. Despite…
Free-Living and Parasitic Amebic Infections
FREE-LIVING AND PARASITIC AMEBIC INFECTIONS SHANNON MOONAH AND WILLIAM A. PETRI, JR. Central nervous system (CNS) infection with free-living and parasitic amebae is rare but life threatening. Three separate clinical…
Iatrogenic Infections of the Central Nervous System
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Infections Due to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
INFECTIONS DUE TO NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA JEANA L. BENWILL AND RICHARD J. WALLACE, JR. Mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis have established themselves as human pathogens. By 1960, most of the common…
IV CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM SYNDROMES MEDIATED BY BACTERIAL TOXINS
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Mycoplasmal and Ureaplasmal Infections
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Whipple’s Disease
WHIPPLE’S DISEASE MATTHIAS MAIWALD AND DAVID A. RELMAN In a seminal autopsy report in 1907, George H. Whipple provided a thorough and articulate description of the disease that now bears…
Vaccines Against Bacterial Meningitis
VACCINES AGAINST BACTERIAL MENINGITIS AMANDA C. COHN AND NANCY E. MESSONNIER Three major pathogens—Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB), Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), and Strep tococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)—cause the majority of bacterial…
Cytomegalovirus
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS PAUL D. GRIFFITHS HISTORY In the early years of the twentieth century, histopathologists studying stillborn infants identified the characteristic intranuclear inclusions in fatal cases of what is now termed…
