58.1 Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell dyscrasia and the second most frequent hematologic malignancy, with an incidence of 5.85/100,000 adults in Western countries and a 5-year…
66.1 Introduction Osteoporosis is defined as a state of reduced bone mass and bone strength which leads to a higher than normal risk of fracture . This results in a…
64.1 Introduction Low-trauma fractures are considered as the clinical significance of bone fragility, classically named osteoporosis. They are defined as fractures resulting from a fall from standing height or less,…
Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL). Its development followed the discovery and description of the central role of the RANKL–RANK pathway…
Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis often include recommendations related to exercise or physical therapy interventions . Historically, the emphasis has primarily been on “weight-bearing” exercise because the impact was…
51.1 Introduction 51.1.1 Obesity epidemic Obesity is a chronic condition characterized by excess weight and body fat, which stems from an interplay between heritable, metabolic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Obesity…
73.1 Background At the time of menopause, women often experience a significant bone loss with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fracture, as a result of the decline in ovarian…
55.1 Introduction Osteoporosis and periodontal disease are chronic conditions that disproportionately affect older populations. Both diseases are associated with low systemic bone mineral density (BMD) and they share common risk…
72.1 Introduction Despite the remarkable strides that scientists and health-care professionals have made in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis over the last quarter-century, the battle against this metabolic bone…
68.1 Epidemiology of falls and fall-related injuries in older people A fall is “an event which results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or…
