The Innate Immune System
The Innate Immune System Luke A. J. O’Neill INTRODUCTION Every organism has to contend with infection by microbes. Infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi threaten health and viability…
Peripheral T Lymphocyte Responses and Function
Peripheral T Lymphocyte Responses and Function Marc K. Jenkins INTRODUCTION This chapter focuses on the processes by which conventional thymus-derived (T)-lymphocytes that express αβ T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) become activated…
T-Lymphocyte Developmental Biology
T-Lymphocyte Developmental Biology Ellen V. Rothenberg Ameya Champhekar OVERVIEW OF T-CELL DEVELOPMENT Introduction T-cell development is a distinctive branch of hematopoiesis as well as a crucial input to immune system…
Mechanisms of T-Lymphocyte Signaling and Activation
Mechanisms of T-Lymphocyte Signaling and Activation Takashi Saito INTRODUCTION The immune system protects us against attack by pathogens through two separate but interacting systems: innate immunity and acquired (or adaptive)…
T-Cell Antigen Receptors
T-Cell Antigen Receptors Mark M. Davis Yueh-Hsiu Chien T-lymphocytes expressing αβ or γδ T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) are found together with B-lymphocytes in all but the most primitive vertebrate animals….
B-Lymphocyte Responses
B-Lymphocyte Responses Michael McHeyzer-Williams INTRODUCTION B-lymphocyte responses provide the effective and longlasting immune protection induced by most vaccines in use today. We measure antibody molecules as the circulating agent of…
B-Lymphocyte Receptors, Signaling Mechanisms, and Activation
B-Lymphocyte Receptors, Signaling Mechanisms, and Activation Akanksha Chaturvedi Angel Davey Wanli Liu Hae Won Sohn Susan K. Pierce INTRODUCTION The primary function of mature B lymphocytes in response to foreign…
B-Lymphocyte Development and Biology
B-Lymphocyte Development and Biology Richard R. Hardy INTRODUCTION B lymphocytes constitute one of the major arms of the immune system, being responsible for humoral immunity. B cells in humans and…
Antigen-Antibody Interactions and Monoclonal Antibodies
Antigen-Antibody Interactions and Monoclonal Antibodies Jay A. Berzofsky Ira J. Berkower INTRODUCTION The basic principles of antigen-antibody interaction are those of any bimolecular reaction. Moreover, the binding of antigen by…
Immunoglobulins: Molecular Genetics
Immunoglobulins: Molecular Genetics Edward E. Max Sebastian Fugmann INTRODUCTION To respond to a foreign molecule (antigen) on an invading pathogen, the “humoral” immune system generates antibodies, or immunoglobulins (Igs), that…
