Introduction to the Endocrine System
Objectives 1. List the main endocrine glands of the body. 2. List the chemical nature of the major hormones. 3. Describe how the chemical nature influences hormone synthesis, storage, secretion,…
Answers to Self-Study Problems
Chapter 1 1. Protein hormones are stored within secretory vesicles and are secreted in response to a stimulus. Steroid hormones freely diffuse out of cells. Their synthesis, as opposed to…
Endocrine Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Objectives 1. List the members of the three enteroendocrine hormone families: gastrin, secretin, and motilin. 2. Describe how autonomic innervation and gastric and duodenal hormones regulate gastric acid secretion and…
Abbreviations and Symbols
αGSU alpha glycoprotein subunit β-hCG hormone-specific β-subunit of hCG β-TSH β-Thyroid-stimulating hormone 3β-HSD 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11β-HSD2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 17β-HSD 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase AA amino acid ABP androgen-binding protein ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme…
Comprehensive Multiple-Choice Examination
1. Which receptor resides in the cytoplasm in the absence of hormone? a. Insulin receptor b. Thyroid hormone receptor c. Prolactin receptor d. Glucocorticoid receptor 2. One general mode of…
The Thyroid Gland
Objectives 1. Explain the mechanisms of thyroid hormone synthesis. 2. Describe the regulation of thyroid function and the actions of thyroid hormones. 3. Compare and contrast the functions of thyroxine…
Preclinical Approaches to the Protection of Ovarian Function
Keywords apoptosis, chemotherapy, fertility, ovary, preservation, primordial follicles 9.1 Introduction Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the impact of cytotoxic drugs on the ovary have opened…
Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation for Fertility Preservation
Keywords autotransplantation, fertility preservation, malignant cell contamination, outcome, ovarian tissue cryopreservation 7.1 Overview The survival rate among the ~2% of women of reproductive age who have suffered from invasive…
In Vitro Models of Ovarian Toxicity
Keywords animal models, apoptosis, chemotherapy, culture, follicle, in vitro , ovary, primary effects 6.1 Introduction Investigating the precise effect of chemotherapy on female fertility is a key research aspect…
Current Clinical Approaches to Protecting the Ovary: GnRH Analogues
Keywords chemotherapy, fertility preservation, gonadotoxicity, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, ovarian protection 8.1 Introduction Cancer is not uncommon and no longer considered as an incurable disease among reproductive-age women. Indeed,…
