Fig. 4.1 Hb levels started within the normal range for all patients. Starting 10 years before the index date, the CRC cases and controls had similar and quite steady levels till…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018Louise Olsson (ed.)Timely Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancerhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65286-3_6 6. Standardised Investigation and Referral of Alarm Symptoms for Colorectal Cancer Jane Young1, 2 and Michael Solomon1, 3 (1) School of Public Health, University…
Symptom DOR (95% CI) AUC Sensitivity (95% CI) 1-specificity (95% CI) LR+ (95% CI) LR− (95% CI) Rectal bleedinga 2.6 (1.9–3.6) p < 0.001 0.66 0.46 (0.38–0.55) 0.25 (0.19–0.31) 1.9 (1.5–2.3) 0.7…
Prediagnostic variables Psychological effect Length of time Prolongs period of anxiety and poor quality of life among both people found to have cancer and those with benign disease. Increased number…
Author, reference, country Analytical system Invitation strategy Number with faecal haemoglobin concentration and endoscopy data Recruitment from primary/secondary care McDonald et al., [51], Scotland OC-Sensor Phone call of invitation by…
Fig. 5.1 Lepidic pattern adenocarcinoma. Tumour cells line intact, pre-existing alveolar walls. A lesion comprising only this pattern of tumour is adenocarcinoma in situ. This pattern is also common at…
Fig. 17.1 Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia: Bronchiolar epithelium is undermined by a uniform proliferation of round to oval neuroendocrine cells, without stromal invasion Fig. 17.2 Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. Proliferations of cells can be…
Fig. 16.1 A primary lung cancer (left panel) involving the lung of a non-smoker patient treated for recurrent NSCLC with multiple cycles of chemotherapy and radiation. The patient had involvement…
Fig. 9.1 Immunohistochemical staining for ALK is typically diffuse with granular cytoplasmic staining (ALK D5F3, 200×). Image courtesy of Dr. Natasha Rekhtman c-ros Oncogene 1 (ROS1) The prevalence of patients…
Fig. 8.1 (a) Fusion probe FISH assay negative for translocation (“split signal”). (b) Fusion probe FISH assay positive for translocation (“fusion signal”) Fig. 8.2 (a) Break-apart probe FISH assay negative…
