Left Colon
Preoperative Preparation Once a thorough history is obtained, a physical exam is performed. Palpable supraclavicular or inguinal nodes or the presence of hepatomegaly or ascites may preclude further operative intervention….
Abdominoinguinal Incision for Pelvic Side Wall Tumors
Indications The indications for the abdominoinguinal incision are: (1) abdominal or pelvic tumors extending over the iliac vessels; (2) tumors in the iliac fossa; (3) primary tumors, possibly involving the…
Pelvic Surgery
Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation Pain is a common presentation in patients presenting with isolated pelvic disease, who may be relatively young and otherwise healthy. With respect to the risks of…
Surgical Indications
Rationale It has been shown that often the prognosis following the complete resection of a tumor that invades an adjacent organ is similar to that of a tumor which simply…
Future Drug Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes
Keypoints The heterogeneous and progressive nature of type 2 diabetes presents an ongoing requirement for additional and novel blood glucose-lowering agents. Longer-acting (once daily and once weekly injected) analogs of…
Diabetic Retinopathy
Keypoints In the Wisconsin study [1], proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) occurred in 67% of persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) for 35 or more years. One would therefore expect…
Oral Antidiabetic Agents
Keypoints Glycemic control is a fundamental part of the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Adequate glycemic control is necessary to address acute symptoms and to prevent, defer or reduce…
The History of Diabetes Mellitus
Keypoints Polyuric diseases have been described for over 3500 years. The name “diabetes” comes from the Greek word for a syphon; the sweet taste of diabetic urine was recognized at…
The Skin in Diabetes
Keypoints Various skin conditions are associated with diabetes, either type 1 or type 2, the specific chronic complications of the disease, the use of antidiabetic drugs and certain endocrine and…
