Multiple Myeloma
Figure 30-1 An outline of the main factors leading from multiple myeloma (MM) to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS); the distinction between HD and NHD MM; and finally additional…
The Molecular Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancer
Figure 33-1 The Field Cancerization Theory is defined as the presence of one or more mucosal areas consisting of epithelial cells with cancer-associated genetic or epigenetic alterations. A precursor field…
Cancer Immunotherapy with Vaccines and Checkpoint Blockade
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”> 52 Cancer Immunotherapy with Vaccines and Checkpoint Blockade Drew Pardoll Therapeutic vaccination for cancer continues to be a major approach to the overall immunotherapy of cancer. Historically, interest…
Molecular Basis for Treating Cutaneous Melanoma
Figure 42-1 Development of melanoma Although melanomas can develop from melanocytes at the epidermal-dermal junction directly or in a preexisting nevus, an orderly progression from melanocyte to neoplasm (benign nevus)…
Cellular Senescence
Figure 15-1 Senescence stimuli and biological characteristics Senescence is induced by diverse endogenous and exogenous stresses that promote strong pro-proliferative signaling and DNA damage responses. Senescent cells undergo a permanent…
Tumor Suppressor Genes
A third interpretation of the role of haploinsufficiency in tumorigenesis is based on the exquisite sensitivity of cells to even small changes in the levels of some cancer-associated proteins. Thus,…
Interferons
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”> 53 Interferons Ernest C. Borden ∗ Introduction Interferons (IFNs) comprise a family of secreted α-helical cytokines induced in response to specific extracellular biomolecules through stimulation of Toll-like receptors…
Pharmacogenomics
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”> 49 Pharmacogenomics Peter H. O’Donnell and Mark J. Ratain Introduction The term pharmacogenetics is believed to have first been used in 1959 by Vogel who defined it as…
The Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer
This table is not comprehensive, but provides an example of breast cancer multiplexed gene tests that are currently in development or have been commercialized. The type of sample, number of…
Cell Growth
Unlike tumor cells with PTEN loss, tumor cells that have lost TSC function are generally less belligerent. It is now accepted that this is due to negative feedback loops that…
