Strategies for Localization of ACTH-Secreting Tumors
Reference Type of MRI sequence Magnet strength (T) Matrix size TR/TE (ms) FOV (cm) Slice thickness (mm) Sensb FPc Kasaliwal et al. [9] Dynamic contrast spin echo (DC-SE) 1.5 256…
Inflammation and Immunity
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Eliza B. Geer (ed.)The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Health and Disease10.1007/978-3-319-45950-9_3 Glucocorticoids: Inflammation and Immunity Maria G. Petrillo1, Carl D. Bortner1 and John A. Cidlowski1 (1) Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,…
Regulation of Body Composition and Metabolism
Fig. 1 Effects of GCs on body composition and metabolism . GCs promote whole-body insulin resistance via visceral adipogenesis, mobilization, and release of free fatty acids into the circulation and…
Regulation of Neurocognitive and Neuropsychiatric Function
Disease state Cognitive function Psychopathology Coping Strategies and illness perceptions Cushing’s syndrome or Cushing’s disease Active or uncontrolled disease Impaired Major depression, anxiety disorders, acute psychosis, delirium Not studied…
and Treatment of Aggressive Corticotroph Pituitary Tumors
(a) WHO classification Typical Atypical Carcinoma Histologic features Ki-67 < 3 % Ki-67 ≥ 3 %, increased mitoses, extensive p53 staining Ki-67 ≥ 3 %, increased mitoses, extensive p53 staining…
Sleeve Gastrectomy: Procedure and Outcomes
Fig. 8.1 A surgical stapler is used to divide the stomach from a point just proximal to the pylorus up to the esophageal hiatus. Note the bougie within the gastric…
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Procedure and Outcomes
Fig. 9.1 a The retrogastric tunnel extends from the lower medial aspect of the right crus of the diaphragm toward the angle of His. b The tunnel is best created…
Surgical Complications of Weight Loss Surgery
Fig. 11.1 Cumulative mortality for those patients undergoing weight loss surgery is significantly lower than a control group—patients received the customary nonsurgical treatment, ranging from lifestyle intervention and behavior medication…
The Health Burden of Obesity
Category Adults (20+ years) Youth (2–19 years) CDC, AAP, IOM, ES, IOTF Underweight BMI < 18.5 BMI < 5th percentile for age Normal weight BMI 18.5–24.9 BMI ≥ 5th to < 85th percentile Overweight…
The Disease of Obesity
Changes in diet Hypercaloric (energy dense) High fat High saturated fat Increased portion size Less physical activity Less manual/physical work Increased use of cars Sleep: less sleep, poor quality Stress…
