Normal and Delayed Puberty
Fig. 4.1 Tanner staging of puberty onset in boys from Palmer and Dunkel [4]. Copyright © (2012) Massachusetts Medical Society. Reprinted with permission Table 4.1 Details of the Tanner stages of puberty…
Human Spermatogenesis and Its Regulation
Fig. 3.1 Structure and cellular composition of the seminiferous epithelium in the human testis. The seminiferous epithelium, as seen in this schematic drawing of a cross section of a seminiferous tubule,…
Male Hypogonadism Resulting from Mutations in the Genes for the Gonadotropin Subunits and Their Receptors
Fig. 6.1 Schematic presentation of sizes, locations of the carbohydrate side chains, and currently known mutations (red arrows) and functionally significant polymorphisms (green arrows) in the gonadotropin subunits, i.e., CGA, LHB,…
Klinefelter Syndrome and Other Forms of Primary Testicular Failure
Sex chromosomes Responsible cell division X-linked loci Frequency (%) XMXPY Paternal meiosis Identical to father 53 XM1XM2Y Maternal meiosis I Identical to mother 34 XM1XM1Y Maternal meiosis II Single maternal…
Male Hypogonadism Due to Disorders of the Pituitary and Suprasellar Region
Fig. 8.1 Effects of hyperprolactinemia on the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis Another mechanism to explain the suppression of gonadal function in men with prolactinoma is a direct tumor mass effect on gonadotrophs. Large…
Androgen Therapy for Hypogonadism in Men with Chronic Illnesses
Study N M/F Inclusion criteria Intervention Co-intervention Tx Dur Wks Resp Muscle Strength Oxy Pa02 Exercise Capacity (6MWT) Body composition Total Muscle Fat Ferreira (1998)* 23 BMI < 20 PImax < 60% T 250 mg…
Adolescent Pregnancy and Contraception
Method Dose Timing of use after unprotected intercourse (better to use as soon as possible) Reported efficacy Levonorgestrel 0.75 mg given twice, 12 h apart or 1.5 mg given as…
Delayed Puberty: Impact on Female Fertility
Fig. 11.1 The sequence of events during puberty in girls. Breast bud appearance is usually before pubic hair growth; in the meantime growth velocity increases reaching the peak at Stage…
Management of Disorders of Sex Development
Fig. 2.1 Clinical orientation for DSD In some cases, the external genitalia are “ambiguous” and are associated with: A genital bud that is midway between a penis and a clitoris…
Premature Pubarche
Fig. 5.1 Adrenal steroid biosynthesis The mechanism of adrenarche onset remains unknown, although the implication of leptin, IGF1, and ACTH has been conjectured. In addition, MC-2 receptor, CYP19, IGF1, and…
