Oncohema Key

Fig. 3.1 Bilateral accessory breast tissue in axillae Breast Hypoplasia This is the failure of one breast, or rarely two breasts, to develop normally and can be congenital or acquired….

Fig. 1.1 Milk line from the axilla to the groin The mammary ridge proliferates as a solid bud between the fifth and seventh week of gestation (Fig. 1.2). The mammary…

Fig. 19.1 Preoperative markings for a latissimus flap Procedure In cases of immediate reconstruction, after the mastectomy is complete, the reconstructive surgeon must ensure that the thoracodorsal vasculature is unharmed….

Fig. 35.1 Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH). The proliferation on the lower side of this lesion has some features of low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS); however, the upper part of…

Travel distance data from Athas et al. [13]. Age data from Ballard-Barbash et al. [14] Changes in BCT The inconvenience of protracted BCT radiation schedules has led several investigators to…

Nonproliferative lesions  Cysts  Mild hyperplasia of the usual type  Epithelial-related calcifications  Fibroadenoma  Papillary apocrine change Proliferative lesions without atypia  Sclerosing adenosis  Radial and complex sclerosing lesions  Moderate and florid hyperplasia…

Fig. 17.1 Radical mastectomy defect It was not until the late 1960s that strong evidence became available to prove that a less deforming operation was able to deliver similar rates…

Borderline breast lesio(ns diagnosed on core needle biopsy Upgrade to malignancy Upgrade to malignancy Increase relative risk of breast ca DCIS (%) IDC (%)  ADH [4–7] 30–40 20 4–6 Lobular…

ASBrS [17] ABS [18] Age ≥45 (IDC), ≥50 (DCIS) Age ≥50 Size ≤3 cm ≤3 cm Histology: IDC, DCIS All invasive subtypes and DCIS Negative microscopic margins Negative surgical margins…

Fig. 9.1 Incidence and mortality rates of female breast cancer by age, United States, 1975–2008 (Source: SEER 2012 [5]) Despite these recent promising trends, breast cancer represents a significant personal…