© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Rakesh V. Khanna, Gennady Bratslavsky and Robert J. Stein (eds.)Surgical Techniques for Prostate Cancer10.1007/978-1-4939-1616-0_2 2. Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy Michael C. Lee1 and J. Stephen Jones2 (1) Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, An Affiliate of…
MSKCC report for 1,176 patients between 2003 and 2005 [2] RRP LRP p value N = 692 N = 484 Mean operating room time (min) (n = 946) 188 (SD 41) 199 (SD 47) <0.0005 Mean…
Figure 14-1 Antagonistic pleiotropy This concept states that signals that engage the cell cycle also engage cell death, and tissues therefore expand only if cell death is blocked. Note that…
Figure 13-1 Mitochondria efficiently degrade metabolic fuels to generate ATP Metabolic fuels—carbohydrates, fats, and proteins—are broken down into their constituent units: glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. These molecules are…
Figure 11-1 The cell cycle. Table 11-1 CDKs, Activating Cyclins, and Select Substrates CDK Cyclin Partner Substrate CDKi (CDC2) A and B Lamins, histone Hi CDK2 E and A Rb,…
PMS2, MSH6 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Hamartomatous polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract; mucocutaneous pigmentation; estimated 9-to 13-fold increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI cancers LKB1/STK11 Cowden disease Multiple hamartomas involving breast,…
There is also considerable redundancy in the function of the DNA repair pathways. When one pathway is disrupted, another pathway can partially compensate, especially if the second pathway is upregulated….
Figure 37-1 Intra-abdominal spread of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancers metastasize through lymphatics to lymph nodes at the level of the renal hilus, through blood vessels to the liver and other…
Figure 2-1 Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in cancer Scheme for growth factor signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases. Oncogenes Oncogenes encode proteins that possess the ability to cause cellular transformation. These…
