Cause Frequency among patients with malignant ascites Peritoneal carcinomatosis (%) 53.3 Extensive liver metastasis causing portal hypertension (%) 13.3 Peritoneal carcinomatosis and extensive liver metastasis (%) 13.3 Hepatocellular carcinoma and…

Fig. 15.1 Perineal defect exposing pelvic organs and creating significant dead space Primary closure is the ideal choice for perineal defects . However, in many cases, this is not possible…

Fig. 14.1 (a) PET/CT scan axial, (b) PET/CT scan coronal, (c) MRI axial, and (d) MRI coronal. Note these images are all taken from the same patient at presentation, demonstrating…

Fig. 16.1 The approach to patients with stage IV rectal cancer All Sites Resectable at Presentation: Curative Intent In those with resectable primary and metastatic disease , the goal of therapy…

Fig. 17.1 Photomicrograph showing low anterior resection specimen with total mesorectal excision (TME) . a shows posterior surface with good bulk of mesorectum (indicated with an arrow) with smooth surface…

Fig. 2.1 Five-layer model of ERUS image (Beynon). Model image with ERUS layers seen on the left and corresponding layers of the rectal wall seen on the right The accuracy…

Fig. 5.1 3D conformal radiation therapy treatment plan for preoperative chemoradiation in a man with T3N1 distal rectal adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated using a prone belly board technique, with…