Chapter 14 Efavirenz Schlomo Staszewski, MD Efavirenz (EFV, Sustiva) is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). EFV is a noncompetitive inhibitor of HIV-1…

Chapter 49 Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections John W. Gnann, Jr, MD Diseases caused by all human herpesviruses, including varicella-zoster virus (VZV), occur with increased frequency in patients with human immunodeficiency virus…

Chapter 59 Kaposi Sarcoma Susan E. Krown, MD Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was one of the first opportunistic diseases described in association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).1 Despite a…

Chapter 47 Mycoses Caused by Molds Thomas F. Patterson, MD, John R. Graybill, MD Infections caused by molds are uncommon but important causes of opportunistic infections in patients with advanced…

Chapter 19 Fosamprenavir and Amprenavir Roger Paredes, MD, Lidia Ruiz, PhD, Bonaventura Clotet, MD, PhD INTRODUCTION Protease inhibitors (PIs) are one of the mainstays of HIV/AIDS therapy,1 being largely responsible…

Chapter 43 Cryptococcosis Judith A. Aberg, MD, William G. Powderly, MD Disseminated cryptococcosis has been the most common life-threatening fungal infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), affecting up…

Chapter 20 Lopinavir Steven C. Johnson, MD, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD Lopinavir (formerly known as ABT-378) was the first of the ‘second-generation’ protease inhibitors (PIs) to be approved for clinical…

Chapter 48 Herpes Simplex Virus Infections Kimberly Y. Smith, MD, MPH, Harold A. Kessler, MD PATHOGEN Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are common pathogens in…

Chapter 15 Saquinavir Anton Posniak, MD, FRCP, Kasha P. Singh, MBBS, FRACP INTRODUCTION On the 4 December 1997, the Society for Medicines Research Award for Drug Discovery was presented to…

Chapter 45 Coccidioidomycosis Neil M. Ampel, MD INTRODUCTION Coccidioidomycosis is an infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Coccidioides. The endemic region for this mycosis is confined to the Western hemisphere…