Time First line Second line Optimal response Failure Optimal response Failure Baseline 3 months BCR-ABLIS ≤10 % No CHR BCR-ABLIS ≤10 % No CHR or Ph+ >95 % or mutations Ph+ ≤35 % Ph+ >95 %…
Method Target Sensitivity Advantages Disadvantages Metaphase t(9;22) 1–5 % The gold standard and detection of other chromosomal changes Needs dividing cells, so generally only successful form of bone marrow sample Chromosome…
Reference N Response C0 (ng/mL) P value N ≤1000 N >1000 Marin et al. [10] 84 CMR 43 23.3 % 41 44.4 % 0.14 MMR 60.1 % 83.2 % 0.02 Takahashi et al. [41]…
Fig. 2.1 CML stem cell maintenance. CML stem cells self-renew as HSCs do when BCR–ABL kinase activity is inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Therefore, survival of CML stem cells…
Fig. 1.1 Clonal expansion of CML hematopoiesis. A reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 occurs at a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) stage. This pre-leukemic stem cell expresses BCR-ABL at…
Anticoagulant Mode of action Plasma half-life Monitoring test(s) Therapeutic range Reversal Notes Warfarin (vitamin K antagonists) Interference with post-translational γ-carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors 20–60 h INR 2.0–3.0, moderate…
Fig. 4.1 Example of a validation checklist 4.3 Validation Studies In the hemostasis laboratory, validation studies encompass the establishment of analytical performance expectations; calibration and calibration verification; determination of quality…
Fig. 5.1 Platelet satellitism and platelet clumping in a blood smear from a patient with EDTA-pseudothrombocytopenia (Courtesy Sherrie L. Perkins, MD, University of Utah Medical Center [Wright’s stain, oil immersion])…
Fig. 9.1 Regulation of thrombin activity by vascular endothelium. The effects of major antithrombotic properties of the blood vessel wall are shown. Regulation of thrombin activity is important because thrombin…
Disorders associated with: Thrombocytopenia Platelet dysfunction (qualitative platelet disorders) Coagulation disorders Autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive X-linked Bernard-Soulier syndrome Bernard-Soulier syndrome Factor VIII deficiency (hemophilia A) Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia…
