Pseudo-Adrenal Masses
It is not an uncommon scenario for a patient to be referred to an endocrinologist for an adrenal mass that proves to not be an adrenal mass. Surgically resected nonadrenal…
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Balancing Glucocorticoid and Androgen Excess in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
The most common type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which occurs in 1 in 10,000 live births. The goals of therapy in CAH include (1) replacement therapy…
A Huge Adrenal Myelolipoma in a Patient With a Suboptimally Controlled Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Adrenal tumors in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are common, affecting 25%–30% of patients, and are associated with suboptimal control of CAH. Here we present a case of a…
Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia in the Setting of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH) is typically a computed tomography (CT)-based diagnosis. Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) may present with normal-appearing adrenal glands, solitary adrenal adenomas, or…
Bilateral Adrenal Myelolipoma: Think of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Adrenal myelolipomas are benign, hormonally inactive neoplasms composed of myeloid elements and mature adipose tissue in varying proportions. Unilateral adrenal myelolipomas are uncommon (see Case 65), and bilateral adrenal myelolipomas…
A Unilateral Lipid-Poor Adrenal Mass: An Atypical Presentation of Adrenal Histoplasmosis
Lipid-poor adrenal masses are the landmines of adrenal disorders. Although lipid-poor adrenal masses may be benign nonfunctional cortical adenomas, it can be difficult to make the distinction from more concerning…
59-Year-Old Man With Enlarging Bilateral Adrenal Masses
Bilateral adrenal metastases should be suspected in any case of the rapidly enlarging indeterminate bilateral adrenal masses, even in the absence of a known extraadrenal malignancy. Although otherwise rarely needed…
Primary Adrenal Lymphoma
Primary adrenal lymphoma is rare and typically presents in older men with progressive signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, weight loss, and abdominal pain. , Computed cross-sectional imaging usually reveals…
39-Year-Old Man With a Large Adrenal Mass
Neuroblastomas are heterogeneous neuroblastic tumors that occur almost exclusively in childhood. Most neuroblastomas occur in the abdomen, usually in the adrenal gland. Catecholamine secretion may occur in approximately 70% of…
Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma
Lipid-poor adrenal masses raise concerns about the underlying pathology. Herein we present a case of a patient with a lipid-poor adrenal mass that proved to be a rare adrenal leiomyosarcoma….
