Mouse model Comments Features of APS Production of aPL MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) [2] – Yes Yes MRL-lpr/lpr (MRL/+) [2] – Yes Yes NZB [3] – Yes Yes BXSB-Yaa [4] Features are…
Years Advances 1 1906–1962 Identifying an antigen, associating the antibody with systemic lupus erythematosus 2 1952–1980 Defining lupus anticoagulant, understanding a mechanism 3 1969–1985 Defining and measuring anticardiolipin 4…
1. Nondiagnostic or unsatisfactory 2. Benign 3. Atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) 4. Follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (including oncocytic lesions) 5. Suspicious for malignancy 6. Malignant In the years…
Fig. 3.1 The diagnostic algorithm for a thyroid nodule Initial Approach to the Patient Suspected of Having a Nodule The discovery of a thyroid nodule over 1 cm should prompt…
Nodule features on ultrasound Recommended FNA based on nodule size High and intermediate suspicion for malignancy ≥1 cm Low suspicion for malignancy ≥1.5 cm Very low suspicion for malignancy ≥2…
Fig. 19.1 Anatomy of the larynx (Permission granted from Operative techniques in Laryngology by Clark A. Rosen and C. Blake Simpson. Published by Springer. See enclosed permission) Knowledge of the…
First author and publication date Recurrence-free rate after surgery ± RAI and EBRT (%) Recurrence-free rate after surgery ± RAI(%) Tubiana (1985) [12] 86 79 Farahati (1996) [13] 90 50…
Fig. 25.1 (a) Five ring tracheal resection for Stage IV tracheal invasion in which well differentiated thyroid cancer extended through the entire thickness of the trachea wall. (b) Mobilization of…
Syndrome Rate of thyroid cancer Associated conditions Pattern of inheritance and mutations Gardner’s syndrome (FAP) 2–12 % with PTC [15] with mean age at diagnosis of 28 years Gastrointestinal polyps…
Fig. 24.1 A high-resolution ultrasonography images of (1) follicular adenoma (a–c), (2) Hürthle cell adenoma (d–f), (3) follicular thyroid carcinoma (g–i), and (4) Hürthle cell carcinoma (j–l) Hürthle cell neoplasms…
