Adrenal Failure
Causes of primary adrenal insufficiency • Acute or insidious presentation – Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency or Addison’s disease (70 % in developed countries) – Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome – Metastatic deposits from lung, breast, kidney, etc….
Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis
Hyperthyroidism associated with elevated or normal thyroid radioactive iodine uptake Graves’ hyperthyroidisma Multinodular goiter or toxic adenoma TSH-producing pituitary adenomab Some cases of thyroid hormone resistance Hyperthyroidism associated with trophoblastic…
Hypopituitarism
Neoplasia Vascular Pituitary adenoma Pituitary tumor apoplexy Pituitary carcinoma Sheehan’s syndrome Craniopharyngioma Intrasellar carotid artery aneurysm Pituicytoma Fibroma Subarachnoid hemorrhage Glioma Meningioma Ischemic stroke Paraganglioma Genetic Teratoma Combined pituitary hormone…
Hypothyroidism
Drug Mechanism Inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion Amiodarone Inhibits type I and type II 5′ deiodinase, leading to decreased T3 generation from T4 Iodinated contrast agents Inhibit type…
3: Management of diabetes
Section 3 Management of diabetes Type 1 diabetes – initiating therapy Type 2 diabetes – initiating therapy Glycaemic monitoring Principles of education in diabetes Organization of diabetes care Type 1…
1: Diagnosis, classification, epidemiology and biochemistry
Section 1 Diagnosis, classification, epidemiology and biochemistry The syndrome of diabetes mellitus Classification of diabetes mellitus Epidemiology Metabolic syndrome Haemochromatosis (’bronze diabetes’) Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Biochemistry of diabetes Appendix…
5: Chronic complications
Section 5 Chronic complications Ocular complications Diabetic neuropathy Diabetic foot disease Diabetic nephropathy Diabetic cardiovascular disease Dermatological features of diabetes mellitus Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disease Infection and diabetes Ocular…
2: Initial management and education
Section 2 Initial management and education Clinical presentation of diabetes History and initial physical examination Screening for diabetes Who makes the diagnosis? Initial management Influence of comorbidity Lifestyle management Encouraging…
4: Acute metabolic complications
Section 4 Acute metabolic complications Hypoglycaemia Diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome – hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic syndrome Lactic acidosis Hypoglycaemia Type 1 diabetes Hypoglycaemia is the most-feared complication of therapy in…
