Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Risk factor Relative risk (RR) Family history First-degree relative with BC 2.40 Mother with BC before the age of 50 2.41 Sister with BC before the age of 50 3.18…
Sporadic Cancers
Fig. 21.1 Clinical outcomes of HPV vaccination trials in an intention-to-treat meta-analysis. Adapted from [35]. Another form of cancer with an infectious etiology is gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)…
Viral Mechanisms in Human Carcinogenesis
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017William B. Coleman and Gregory J. Tsongalis (eds.)The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer10.1007/978-1-59745-458-2_19 19. Viral Mechanisms in Human Carcinogenesis Paul F. Lambert1 (1) McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology,…
MicroRNAs and Cancer
Tumor type miRNAs Comments Reference(s) Brain, GBM miR-21, miR-221, miR-222, (up) miR-21 upregulated in all high-grade tumors [45, 47] Breast cancer miR-21, miR-155b (up) miR-125b, miR-145 (down) Expression levels correlate…
Novel Cancer Therapies Targeting Angiogenesis
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017William B. Coleman and Gregory J. Tsongalis (eds.)The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer10.1007/978-1-59745-458-2_11 11. Novel Cancer Therapies Targeting Angiogenesis Monte S. Willis1 and Nancy Klauber-DeMore2 (1) Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,…
Oncogenes and the Initiation and Maintenance of Tumorigenesis
Fig. 8.1 Critical signaling pathways as drug targets for cancer therapy. (a) Surface receptors dimerize and activate downstream effectors such as RAS (a GTPase). Many surface receptors are targeted by…
Epigenetic Basis of Human Cancer
Gene symbol Pathway Tumors in which DNA methylation occurs Familial involvement BRCA1 DNA repair Breast, ovarian Breast, ovarian CDH1 Cell adhesion Diffuse gastric, lobular breast Diffuse gastric, lobular breast CDKN2A…
Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Uterine and Ovarian Cancers
Fig. 14.1 Proliferative endometrium. The glands are round to tubular with pseudostratified nuclei and mitotic figures 14.3.1.2 Sixteen Day Endometrium Sixteen day endometrium is characterized by glands with cells displaying subnuclear…
Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Colorectal Cancer
Fig. 22.1 Anatomy of the colon and rectum with segments labeled. Peritonealized and non-peritonealized segments are shaded different colors The transverse colon is suspended from a sheet of peritonealized fat, the…
Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer
eliminate bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, define the term adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), define the term minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), revive the term “lepidic,” promote comprehensive histologic subtyping, emphasize and introduce the term…
