Principles of Flow Cytometry INSTRUMENTATION A flow cytometer is versatile in its capability of measuring multiple parameters simultaneously. These parameters include the physical properties of cells (e.g., cell size and…
General Introduction With the progress in subclassification of hematologic neoplasms and the refinement in treatment of these tumors, diagnosis of lymphoma and leukemia has become increasingly complicated. The World Health…
Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes Subhash Kukreja Cancer cells frequently produce peptides that are not normally synthesized by the tissue of origin. In addition, peptides that are normally produced in a paracrine…
Carcinoid Tumors Nathan J. O’Dorisio Thomas M. O’Dorisio M. Sue O’Dorisio DEFINITION Neuroendocrine tumors are characterized by the production, storage, and secretion of polypeptides, biogenic amines, and, in some cases,…
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Glen Sizemore Norma Lopez Two sets of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes and multiple tumor associations are characterized by the work of Steiner et al. [1]. Table…
Obesity and Nutrition Jeffrey I. Mechanick Elise M. Brett DEFINITION Obesity is a chronic disease diagnosed when an adult person has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 to 34.9…
Lipid Disorders Francis Q. Almeda Susan DeLange Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of mortality in industrialized nations, and despite impressive advances in cardiovascular care, the adverse event…
Diabetes Mellitus Haitham S. Abu-Lebdeh Gregg D. Simonson TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS Definition Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder of glucose homeostasis that manifests secondary to…
Reproductive Disorders Neil Goodman Rhoda H. Cobin AMENORRHEA Definition Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation in a woman during her reproductive years. Primary amenorrhea is defined as never having menstruated…
