IMAGING MODALITIES: BASIC PRINCIPLES Print Section Listen Ultrasonography Ultrasonography, or ultrasound (US), utilizes high-frequency sound waves to noninvasively interrogate structures within a body. The production of ultrasonographic images is based…

OVERVIEW Print Section Listen In practice, patients with benign liver tumors typically present in three broad clinical scenarios: (1) a liver tumor incidentally discovered in an asymptomatic patient, (2) a…

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer globally and accounts for the third most cancer deaths worldwide (Fig. 127-1). Although geographic variability exists in…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The liver is one of the most common sites of metastatic involvement for not only gastrointestinal malignancies, but also for a broad spectrum of cancers. While…

OVERVIEW Print Section Listen Improvements in radiographic imaging over the last several decades have led to an increased recognition of cystic lesions in the liver and biliary tract. These cysts…

BACKGROUND AND HISTORICAL ELEMENTS Print Section Listen Oberdorfer first described a tumor different from classic adenocarcinoma in the early 1900s, and referred to it as “karzinoid.” Historically, carcinoid has been…

EPIDEMIOLOGY Print Section Listen Colorectal cancer (CRC), the fourth most common malignancy worldwide, remains by far the first cause of liver metastases and the first liver malignancy in Western societies.1…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer for both sexes or the fifth most common cancer for men worldwide with 749,000 new cases diagnosed…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Surgical resection is the first-line treatment for selected patients with hepatobiliary malignancies. With refinements in surgical techniques and perioperative patient care, the safety of liver resection…