Abstract Although breast cancer tumors tend to have less tumor immune infiltration than immunogenic tumors such as melanoma and colon cancer, the prognostic importance of tumor immune infiltrates in breast…
Abstract Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer is the administration of systemic therapy to patients before surgery. It was initially used to downstage inoperable tumors but over time has become…
Abstract Due to advancements in diagnostic and multimodality therapy, patients with stage IV breast cancer can achieve long-term survival. For women with asymptomatic primary tumors, the mainstay of therapy remains…
Abstract Managing patients with bone metastases requires a multidisciplinary approach applying the expertise of orthopedic surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and radiologists. Small lesions can usually be successfully treated with…
Abstract Distant metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related death from breast cancer. Hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor to distant sites cannot be detected by standard…
Abstract Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) causes 7% of breast cancer deaths. The diagnosis is clinical (erythema, edema, peau d’orange involving at least one-third of the breast surface area). IBC is…
Abstract Surgery remains an integral part of the therapeutic plan for locally advanced breast cancer. Advances in systemic therapies have transformed the role of surgery for this population of patients…
Abstract Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) encompasses a wide range of breast tumors with poor prognosis, and multidisciplinary approach remains the cornerstone for the treatment of this difficult problem. Neoadjuvant…
Abstract In clinical practice, the use of preoperative or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of inoperable and operable breast cancer is currently well established. Once reserved for the treatment of…
Abstract Mastectomy surgery has been historically judged by its success at preventing local failures after primary invasive breast cancer treatment. Advancements in the use of adjuvant systemic treatments have further…
