Immune Landscape of Gastrointestinal Malignancy Maggie Phillips Gregory B. Lesinski Introduction Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors harbor a series of distinct immunologic features and are comprised of heterogeneous immune cell populations. The…

Liquid Biopsies in Gastrointestinal Cancers Shalini Makawita Arvind Dasari Introduction In this section we will discuss liquid biopsies, specifically pertaining to cell-free DNA (cfDNA) or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and…

Introduction of High-Throughput Sequencing Timothy Philip DiPeri Funda Meric-Bernstam Introduction At the turn of the millennium, one of the largest breakthroughs in contemporary medical science was announced—the majority of the…

Neuroendocrine Cancer Daniel M. Halperin Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson In this chapter, we will consider the relevant targets and therapies for gastrointestinal neuroendocrine cancers. Although these malignancies are complex and nuanced,…

Cancer of Unknown Primary Nicholas James Hornstein Ryan Huey Kanwal Pratap Sing Raghav Introduction Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) represents a heterogeneous group of metastatic cancers wherein the primary site…