Carcinogenesis 1. Acetaldehyde 2. Oxidative stress: induction of cytochrome P450 2E1 and reactive oxygen species 3. Retinoids 4. Epigenetic changes 5. Cancer genes and signaling pathways Mitogenic signals: MAPK, RAS Insensitivity to antigrowth signals: Rb…
ALDH2 genotypes (n) *1/*1 *1/*2 + *2/*2 Authors Case Control Case Control OR (95 % CI) P Nan et al. (2005)a [98] 286 462 135 168 1.30 (0.99–1.70) 0.061…
20. McClain CJ et al (1998) Tumor necrosis factor and alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 22(5 Suppl):248S–252SPubMedCrossRef Related posts: Transgenic Mouse Models for Alcohol Metabolism, Toxicity, and Cancer…
Fig. 4.1 Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) at the fimbrial end of the Fallopian tube; the epithelial cells show enlarged and atypical nuclei with formation of tufts While the concept…
Germ cell tumours Dysgerminoma Variant With syncytiotrophoblastic cells Yolk sac tumours Variants Polyvesicular vitelline Hepatoid Glandular Embryonal carcinoma Polyembryoma Choriocarcinoma, non-gestational Teratoma Immature Mature Solid Cystic (dermoid cyst): With secondary…
Fig. 11.1 The peritoneal cancer index uses the distribution of cancer implants throughout the abdomen and pelvis combined with a lesion size of these nodules in order to quantitate the…
Stage I: Growth limited to the ovaries IA: Tumour limited to one ovary; capsule intact, no tumour on ovarian surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings IIB: Tumour…
Fig. 14.1 Conceptual model of QOL in ovarian cancer (Adapted from Kornblith et al. [2] and [3]) As recognition of the importance of QOL as a patient-centered outcome has increased…
Fig. 12.1 Mediators of tumor angiogenesis Antiangiogenic Agents Bevacizumab Bevacizumab is a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody targeted at VEGF-A, which is approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal…
Fig. 8.1 Distribution of tumor histopathology shown as a percentage of total ovarian tumors in SEER database study (From Brookfield et al. [4]; with permission) Table 8.1 Histologic classification of…
