Fig. 9.1 The histogram shows the rate of increase per year in scientific publications indexed by PubMed, regarding the most frequent types of cancer: breast, lung, prostate, colon, and thyroid…

(1) Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, Eskişehir, Turkey (2) Yunusemre Campus, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey (3) Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, Eskişehir, Turkey   Abstract Breast cancer, one of…

Database Curator Publication Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) [111] Riken Expression Array Database (READ) Riken [112] ArrayTrack U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [113] ArrayExpress…

Fig. 11.1 Lipid structure representations. Examples of structures from the major classes of biological lipids (cholesterol, free fatty acid, triglyceride, phospholipid) are shown Living cells acquire fatty acids for their…

Fig. 17.1 Some characteristic issues of complex biological systems. We can notice that these are interdependent phenomena that cannot be treated separately, hence the need for integrative methodologies HTOTs provide…

Class Symbol Characteristic Disease/biological function associations Long intergenic noncoding RNAs lincRNAs Ranging from hundreds to tens of thousands nts; lie within the genomic intervals between two genes; transcriptional cis-regulation of…

Fig. 27.1 Comparison of overall survival and surrogate endpoints Disease-Free Survival (DFS) Disease-free survival (DFS) is defined as the time from randomization until recurrence of tumor or death from any…

Fig. 21.1 Markers of breast CTCs depend on the EMT stage. MET Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition, EMT Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition CTCs are considered as EMT forms of primary tumor cells. Carcinoma cells initially…

Gene Description Function(s) Signature type and importance Annexin A5 (ANXA5) Gene encodes indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex involved in the blood coagulation cascade Calcium ion binding, calcium-dependent phospholipid binding,…

Fig. 8.1 Historical perspective of selected hallmarks on the evolution of microRNA history MicroRNAs: The Biogenesis Various approaches have provided a basic understanding of the molecular details of miRNA biogenesis…